成矿系统分析与新类型矿床预测

METALLOGENIC SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND NEW-TYPE ORE DEPOSITS FORECAST

新类型矿床的发现常能带来矿产储量的巨量增长 ,是新世纪中保障矿产资源供应的一个重要途径。成矿系统分析对发现新类型矿床有重要意义。 (1)掌握一个区域成矿系统中各矿床类型间相互关系 ,由已知矿床类型找寻未知矿床类型 ,这已在长江中下游成矿带的找矿历史中得到证实。 (2 )认识成矿系统的空间结构 ,主要是垂向分带 ,有助于找寻深部的隐伏矿床类型。 (3)查明成矿系统的时间结构 ,包括成矿过程中矿床类型的迭变关系 ,可由已知矿化链条查找缺失的矿化链条 (矿床类型 ) ,这在岩浆热液成矿系统中常能奏效。 (4 )查明成矿系统中矿床类型多样性的制约因素 ,可据此分析相关区域中发现新类型矿床的潜力。 (5)研究新的成矿环境和新的成矿作用 ,从而发现新的矿床类型。在生物成矿系统、深海成矿系统、低温成矿系统、构造成矿系统及叠加成矿系统中有更大的发现新类型矿床的几率。文中提出近期内可能发现的新的铂族元素矿床类型。笔者还指出今后的找矿目标 ,应是整个成矿系统 ,而不是局限于单个矿床及单个矿床类型 ,这样才可能不失去发现新类型矿床的机会。

The discovery of new type ore deposits can often bring about gigantic increase in mineral resources reserve.It is one of the main ways to guarantee the supply of mineral resources in the new century.Analysis of metallogenic system is of great importance to discover new type ore deposits.(1)Mastering the relationship among ore deposit types of a metallogenic system in a region, we can then discover the unknown ore deposit types from the known ones. This regularity has been proved to be true during the mineral exploring history of ore belt in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China. (2)Recognizing the spatial structure of metallogenic system,mainly the vertical zonation,is helpful in the discovery of the concealed ore deposit type in depth.(3)Finding out the temporal structure of metallogenic system, i.e.,the evolutionary relation among ore deposit types occurred in the same ore forming process, we can search the losing chains from the known ones (ore deposit type). This is often effective in the magmatic hydrothermal metallogenic system.(4)Researching on those factors controlling the diversity of ore deposit types in a metallogenic system,may be helpful for us to assess the potentiality of discovering new type ore deposits in a certain region. (5)Studying the new metallogenic setting and new ore forming processes may be useful to discover new type ore deposit. The probability is much larger for the discovery of new type ore deposits in the organic metallogenic system,the deep sea metallogenic system, the low temperature metallogenic system, the tectonic metallogenic system and the superimposed metallogenic system. The new type ΣPt ore deposit, which will be discovered in the near future, was put forward also. From now on instead of a single ore deposit or a single ore deposit type,the whole metallogenic system,should be regarded as the exploration target in a certain region.Only through such a way can we keep hold of the chance to discover the new type ore deposits.