常见水产品中生物胺的调查及分析

Survey and Analysis of Biogenic Amines in Fishery Products

为研究不同水产品中生物胺的产生情况,利用高效液相色谱-柱后衍生-荧光检测技术对蓝点马鲛、黄鳍金枪鱼、银鲑、牙鲆、中国明对虾、鹰爪虾、中华绒螯蟹、杂色蛤、杂色鲍中的7种生物胺含量进行调查与分析。试验结果表明,鲜活水产品中几乎不含生物胺,或仅含少量的精胺、亚精胺;腐败水产品中检出大量的生物胺,其中蓝点马鲛、黄鳍金枪鱼、银鲑、牙鲆中的组胺含量分别为422.57、640.00、309.63、151.86mg/kg,而虾、蟹、贝类等无脊椎动物几乎不产生组胺。不同水产品在腐败过程中产生的生物胺种类、含量、比例不同。生物胺总量可作为水产品腐败变质程度的指标。

Seven amine contents were detected in nine aquatic animals by HPLC and post-column derivatization with fluorescence detector（FLD） to evaluate the formation of biogenic amines in different aquatic species.Results showed that no biogenic amines,or only few spermine and spermidine,were detected in the fresh aquatic species.In the corrupt aquatic species,however,the majority of biogenic amines were detected.There were histamines in Scomberomorus niphonius at concentrations of 422.57 mg/kg,in Thunnus albacares at 640.00 mg/kg,in Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch at 309.63 mg/kg and in Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus at 151.86 mg/kg at 20 ℃ in 3 days.No histamine was detected in invertebrates including shrimp,crabs and sea shellfish.The types,concentrations and ratios of the biogenic amines were varied with aquatic species during the corruption.The total concentrations of biogenic amines are suggested to be used as a standard to evaluate the quality of fishery products.