梭子蟹粉代替鱼粉和大豆蛋白对仿刺参幼参生长的影响

Effects of Replacement of Dietary Fishmeal and Soybean Protein by Swimming Crab-meal on Growth in Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus juveniles

在水温25.6～27.0℃、盐度31、光照2000lx条件下饲育仿刺参苗种,研究了鱼粉、大豆蛋白与梭子蟹粉3种蛋白源对仿刺参幼参生长的影响。在饲料中分别按海藻质量的1‰、2‰、3‰分别添加鱼粉、大豆蛋白与梭子蟹粉。在27个容积为56L的玻璃钢水槽中分别放入一片30cm×40cm的波纹板和200头(0.1g/头)幼参,适量充气进行培育。试验结果表明,鱼粉试验组中以1‰的添加量效果最好,20d内质量增加175.0%,平均每头幼参质量日增加(3.75±0.9)mg;大豆蛋白试验组中以1‰的添加量效果最好,20d内质量增加165.0%,平均每头幼参质量日增加(3.25±0.3)mg;梭子蟹粉试验组中以3‰的添加量效果最好,20d内质量增加203.5%,平均每头幼参日质量增加(5.17±0.7)mg。3种蛋白源的1‰添加量中,效果依次为:鱼粉>蟹粉>大豆蛋白>空白组,空白组与添加蛋白源组之间差异极显著(P<0.01);2‰添加量中,效果依次为:蟹粉>鱼粉>大豆蛋白>空白组,蟹粉与鱼粉和大豆蛋白之间差异显著(P<0.05),空白组与添加蛋白源组之间差异极显著(P<0.01);3‰添加量中,效果依次为:蟹粉>鱼粉>大豆蛋白>空白组,蟹粉与鱼粉和大豆蛋白之间差异极显著(P<0.01),空白组与添加蟹粉试验组之间差异极显著(P<0.01)。试验结果证明,用梭子蟹粉作蛋白源效果显著好于鱼粉和大豆蛋白。

Juvenile sea cucumber（Apostichopus japonicus） with body weight of 0.1 g were stocked into 27 glass fiber 56-L tanks,which one piece of corrugated plate（30 cm×40 cm） was placed in,at a rate of 200 individuals/tank and fed the diets containing swimming crab meal,fishmeal,or soybean protein at 1‰,2‰,and 3‰ of seaweed meal under a condition of water temperature of 25.6~27.0 ℃,daily exchange of 33% sea water with a salinity of 31,proper aeration and light intensity of 2000 lx for 20 days.In the fishmeal groups,the maximal body weight gain（175.0% in 20 days） was found in the sea cucumber fed the diet containing 1‰ of fishmeal,with body weight gain of（3.75±0.9） mg/d per juvenile.The juveniles fed the diet containing 1‰ of soybean protein had the best weight gain at a rate 165.0% in 20 days,（3.25±0.3） mg/d in average.The best body weight gain,however,was observed in the sea cucumber fed the diet containing 3‰ of swimming crab-meal,at a rate of 203.5% in 20 days,or（5.17±0.7） mg/d per juvenile in average,indicating fishmealswimming crab-mealsoybean proteincontrol group with 1‰ addition,very significant differences between protein groups and the control group（P0.01）;Swimming crab-mealfishmealsoybean proteincontrol group with 2‰ addition,significant differences between swimming crab-meal,fishmeal and soybean protein（P0.05）;Swimming crab-mealfishmealsoybean proteincontrol group with 3‰ addition,very significant differences between swimming crab-meal,fishmeal and soybean protein（P0.01）,very significant differences between swimming crab-meal and the control group（P0.01）.It is concluded that swimming crab-meal is better than fishmeal and soybean protein as protein sources.