意义学习与教学方式的联系——当代国际教学设计专家梅耶研究透视

The Relationship Between Meaningful Learning and Instructional Methods:A Review of Mayer's Research on Learning and Instruction

认知建构学习理论考察了学习过程中信息加工的三种运作,分别是选择、组织和整合,机械学习与意义学习的分野就是在于心理运作有没有到位。建构主义作为一种学习理论有其独特价值,但是这并不能作为教学处方的依据。依据认知负荷理论的研究,多媒体讲解教学是一种最佳的选择,其中促进主动学习是关键。

Cognitive theory of constructivist learning looked into the three processes of information processing, namely, selecting, organizing and integrating, and found that the difference between rote learning and meaningful learning lay in whether the processes were realized. Constructivism was of unique value as a theory of learning, but it should not be taken as a prescription for instruction. It is inappropriate to assume that active cognitive learning requires teaching methods that promote hands-on behavioral activity. Similarly, it is inappropriate to assume that passive instructional methods-such as multimedia presentations-cannot promote active cognitive learning.