阮籍思想的变迁

Ruan Ji's Transformation in Thought

阮籍一生分为三个时期:三十岁以前为早期,思想完全是儒家,代表作为《乐论》、《通易论》;三十岁到四十岁为中期,他在纷乱的政局中受到种种刺激,由儒入道,回避出仕,转向隐逸,代表作为《答伏义书》、《达庄论》和《咏怀诗》;四十岁以后为晚期,他出任要职,支持司马氏,思想上杂取儒、道二家之精华,代表作为《大人先生传》,此文表明阮籍既追求精神绝对自由,又欲建立事功,以极高明而道中庸为人生哲学的归宿。

Ruan Ji’s life is divided into three periods： the early period is before the age of 30,when he was totally Confucian in thought,with Yue Lun and Tong Yi Lun as representative works;the middle period is from the age of 30 to 40,when he was subject to all kinds of political turbulences and moved from Confucianism to Taoism,which led to his preference of reclusiveness than officialdom and was demonstrated by such works as Da Fuyi Shu,Da Zhuang Lun and Yong Huai Shi;in the late period,he served as a high official in support of the family of Sima,and his thought was a blending of Confucianism and Taoism in essence which was,exemplified in Da Ren Xian Sheng Zhuan.While in pursuit of absolute freedom,Ruan tries to make achievements in the spirit of the Doctrine of the Mean.