反垄断法私人实施机制的经济法路径

Economic Law Approaches of the Private Enforcement of the Anti-monopoly Law

20世纪90年代以来,反垄断法私人实施机制的建立健全是各国反垄断法实践中的最新发展趋势,同时也是众多反垄断法学者和实务工作者关注的重要研究课题之一。目前,欧美各国普遍建立了公共实施与私人实施并行的二元反垄断实施机制以克服单纯公共实施机制造成的政府资源浪费、效率低下等现实问题,从而更好实现反垄断法的经济目标和社会目标。我国反垄断目前立法对私人实施机制预设条款较少,操作性不强,力度欠缺。建立多倍损失赔偿制度、集体诉讼制度、公力扶持诉讼制度是建立健全我国反垄断法私人实施机制的有效路径。在完善相关法律制度的同时,应重视"竞争文化"的培育,以增强我国市场经济的软实力。

Since the 1990s,the establishment of private enforcement mechanisms is the latest progress in antimonopoly law practice in many countries, which also becomes one of the focuses of anti- monopoly researchers and practitioners. At present, European and American countries have established a parallel binary antitrust enforcement mechanism of public enforcement and private enforcement with the purpose of overcoming the problem of government resource waste and inefficiency caused by public enforcement mechanism, thus better realize the economic targets and social goals of antimonopoly law. China＇ s current antitrust legislation does not design enough terms on private enforcement, and those terms are not strong and practicable enough. The systems of multiple damages, class action, and public support enforcement are effective approaches to the establishment of private enforcement of antimonopoly law. Together with the perfection of legislation, efforts should also be made to cultivate healthy competition environment in order to enhance the soft power of China＇ s market economy.