轮毂轴管终锻成形模拟研究

Simulation Research on Finish Forging for Vehicle Hub Axle with Tube

根据某规格汽车轮毂轴管零件的形状尺寸特点,设计了预锻毛坯和2种终锻成形方案,并对所制定的2种终锻方案进行了工艺和模拟分析。2种方案的模拟结果显示,顺序成形过程稳定,变形只局限于端部;一次镦粗变形不局限于变形的端部,在变形结束时有少量金属流入杆部,这将会使端部缺料和杆部出现折叠和缩径缺陷。顺序成形可改善模具的受力状况,成形力有所降低,提高了模具寿命。根据力-行程曲线,应严格控制变形部位金属的体积,实现小飞边精密锻造,避免成形力在成形最后阶段急剧增大,以致损坏模具和设备。

According to the characters of the shape and dimensions of a vehicle hub axle with tube, the preforming billet and two finish forging schemes using tube billet were rightly analyzed. The process analysis and simulation for two schemes of final die forging were finished. The simulated results showed that the deformation process in sequence was steady and the deformation was only limited on the end, and the scheme of forming the end shape once was not limited on the end and a small amount of metal flowed into the bar at the end which would make some forging defects such as fold and necking. In the last, the forming force in simulation of two schemes was compared, and the result showed that the force of forming in sequence was lower to some extent, which could improve the situation of die working and prolong its life. According to the simulation curves of force-stroke, the volume of the forming metal should be strictly controlled to implement precision forging with small flash, avoiding higher force at the end forging stage and creating loss for die and press.