种蛋储存期对散养鸡孵化性能的影响研究

Study on the effects of storage period of hatching eggs on the hatching performance of free-range chickens

为了研究种蛋储存期对孵化性能的影响,试验以散养东北当地土鸡种蛋为研究对象,研究不同保存期(1～3 d、4～7 d、8～15 d和16～30 d)种蛋孵化性能的变化。结果表明:东北当地散养土鸡种蛋的最佳保存时间为7 d,种蛋保存时间在1～3 d和4～7 d之间的受精蛋孵化率变化不明显,保存超过7 d的种蛋受精蛋孵化率显著降低(P<0.05),且保存时间越长受精蛋孵化率越低;随着保存时间的延长,胚胎死亡率增高,保存1～15 d对胚胎早期死亡率影响不大,保存时间超过15 d会导致中后期死胚率增高。说明保存时间对种蛋孵化性能起关键性作用。

To compare the hatching performance of hatching eggs at different storage periods,the hatching eggs from local free-range chickens raised in the Northeast Region were chosen to investigate the changes of the hatching performance at different storage periods（1 to 3 days,4 to 7 days,8 to 15 days and 16 to 30 days）.The results showed that the optimal storage time of hatching eggs was 7 days.There were no significant changes on the hatchability of eggs for the storage period between 1 to 3 days and 4 to 7 days.The hatching rate was significantly lower（P0.05）when the storage time reached more than 7 days.The longer the storage time the lower the hatching rate.During the hatching process,the embryonic mortality rate increased with the prolonged storage time.The storage time from 1~15 days had little effect on the early embryonic mortality rate.If the eggs were stored more than 15 days,the embryonic mortality rate would increase during the metaphase and anaphase.It indicates that the storage time plays a key hole in the hatching performance of the eggs.