不同溶剂对川芎药材中有效成分提取效果的影响

Effect of different solvents on extraction of effective components from Ligusticum chuanxiong

目的:比较水、甲醇、乙醇、乙酸乙酯、石油醚对川芎中10种有效成分的提取效果以及相应提取物的成分特征。方法:采用超声辅助溶剂萃取,高效液相色谱法进行有效成分的含量测定。CAPCELL PAK C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm);流动相甲醇-0.5%冰醋酸溶液,梯度洗脱;检测波长280 nm,柱温30℃,流速0.7 mL.min-1,进样量10μL。结果:乙醇和甲醇对川芎中阿魏酸、羟基苯酞类、烷基苯酞类、藁本内酯二聚体4类成分提取较为完全且两者间无显著性差异;乙酸乙酯对于羟基苯酞类成分和阿魏酸的提取率显著偏低;水和石油醚对4类有效成分的提取率均显著偏低,并且水提取物具有不同的成分特征。结论:乙醇和甲醇是最适合提取川芎中4类主要有效成分的提取溶剂。

Objective： To compare the effect of different solvents such as water, ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate and petrole- um ether on extraction of 10 effective components from Ligusticum chuanxiong and component characteristics of corresponding extracts. Method： Ultrasonic assisted solvent extraction and high performance liquid chromatography quantitative analysis were adopted to deter- mine effective components. CAPCELL PAK Cis column （4.6 mm× 150 ram, 5 μm） was adopted. The mobile phase Was methanol- 0. 5% HAc for gradient elute. The detection wavelength was 280 nm. The column temperature was 30 ℃. The flow rate was 0. 7 mL. min^-1 The sample size was 10 μL. Result： Methanol or ethanol showed no significant difference in extraction of ferulic acid, hydroxyphthalide, alkylphthalide and diligustilide. Ethyl acetate displayed relatively low extraction ratios in hydroxyphthalide and feru- lic acid. Water and petroleum ether showed relatively low extraction ratios in all four effective components, and water extracts showed different component characteristics. Conclusion： Ethanol and methanol are the most suitable solvents to extract four effective compo- nents from L. chuanxiong.