产业园区与城乡结合部产业集群的共生关系——以北京中关村丰台科技园为案例

A Study on Industrial Cluster Relationship between Science Park and Rural-Urban Continuum——A Case Study of Zhongguancun Fengtai Science Park in Beijing

近年来我国产业园区逐步成为支撑地区经济发展的重要区域。产业园区促进了产业集群在成片土地空间上发展,也引领了地区经济产业结构升级换代,特别是影响了产业园区周围城乡结合部区域内产业集群的发展。本文试图以产业集群视角分析产业园区与城乡结合部产业之间的关联关系,研究中国快速城市化背景下产业园区对农村产业转型的推进作用。本文针对中关村丰台科技园,采用产业集聚、投入产出、聚类以及空间分析等研究方法,实证研究产业园区内和园区外城乡结合部区域的主导产业、产业集聚、产业集群与产业关联的关系。结果表明,在产业园区长期发展和带动下,其外围的城乡结合部区域不但发展出主导产业和产业集群,这些产业集群也形成了能够与产业园区建立产业关联性的产业,这也说明,协助建立或持续培育城乡结合部与产业园区的产业关联,是未来发展城乡结合部产业和规划农村产业的方向之一。

Industry cluster is the agglomeration of final production, professional material, machine, equipment, supplier, financial institution and the up and down stream of industries, which can realize collective efficien- cy and scale efficiency. Therefore, industry cluster is an important industrial geographic concentration process within industrial development. Science park is built through the concept of industry cluster. China Taiwan had experienced the coevelopment of science park and rural-urban continuum （RUC） in early age. Before constructing Central Taiwan Science Park, there has been developing an industry cluster of digital control lathe. The authority built the science park with the industry cluster instead to destroy the cluster. The ＂golden village＂ where research and produce precision machine industry makes Taiwan to become the third range of export area in the world. Science park has gradually become important area supporting the development of local economy in recent year in China's Mainland. It stimulates the development of industrial cluster and leads the upgrading of local economic structure, which occurs especially on RUC. The study tries to analyze the relationship between science park and RUC around it （RUCAI）from the viewpoint of industrial cluster, which can help us to understand how a science park push the upgrading of a RUC＇s industries near it under the background of fast urbanization. Therefore, the purpose of the paper is to investigate the relationship between science park and industry cluster on RUC. We try to answer the two questions, first, under the development of science park, is it possible for RUC to develop its own industry cluster？ Second, can the science park and industry cluster on RUC develop industrial linkage？ Zhongguancun Fengtai Science Park （ZFSP）is the case of the study. Due to the development of industry cluster is stimulated by the industry linkage between leading industry and its up and down stream industry and by the industrial agglomeration formed by leading industry and its up and down stream industry, we adopt the methodology of industrial agglomeration, input-output analysis, cluster analysis and GIS analysis to explore the relationship of leading industry, industrial agglomeration, industrial cluster and inter-industry effects between ZFSP and RUCAI. The empirical outcomes find that the RUC in Fengtai has developed its leading industries up to nine industries. The leading industries have formed several industry clusters with these industry clusters on RUC have possible inter-industry linkag its adjoining industrial agglomeration. Besides, e with ZFSP. They may already become close up and down stream industry or they have the potential to become up and down stream industry. The outcomes mean that the industry linkage and industrial chain is the main factors to dominate industrial development even if the separation of rural and urban. To check the industrial linkage relationship between industrial clusters on RUC and local science park is the crucial step for government before pushing urbanization. Therefore, for the policy of region development, government have to abandon the thought of eliminating and demolish the original industries on RUC, whereas to assist science park and RUC to connect or maintain their inter-industry effects, and to calculate the possible raising cost of destroying original industrial linkage between RUC and science park. The conclusion provides a new thinking for government on the policies of rural industries plan and collective land requisition process.