用于有机磷农药固相萃取的吸附材料的研究进展

Progress in Adsorption Materials for Solid Phase Extraction of Organophosphorus Pesticides

有机磷农药由于在环境中相对于有机氯农药容易降解,而成为全球范围内使用最广泛的杀虫剂。尽管有机磷农药已经被证实了低环境持久性,但由于具有生物毒性、高毒性、再生毒性、免疫毒性和基因毒性,造成的残留仍能对人类健康产生危害。样品前处理是有机磷农药残留分析过程的重要步骤,该过程耗费时间,其好坏直接影响整个分析结果的准确性。固相萃取相对液-液萃取由于具有诸如快速、简单和绿色环保的特点及较强的选择吸附性,是目前应用最广泛的农药残留分析样品前处理技术。吸附材料是决定固相萃取过程效能的关键因素。文章介绍了常见的硅吸附材料、碳吸附材料、分子印迹吸附材料及磁性吸附材料在有机磷农药固相萃取领域的研究应用现状,同时对未来研究方向进行了展望。

Organophosphorus pesticides（OPPs）are among the most commonly employed pesticides worldwide due to their ability to degrade more readily in environment than organochlorine pesticides.Although organophosphorus pesticides have been demonstrated rather low environmental persistence,residues caused by these compounds can also become a risk or threat to human health for their biological toxicity,high toxicity,reproductive toxicity,cytotoxicity,immunotoxicity and genotoxicity.Sample preparation as a crucial step for whole analysis of organophsophorus pesticide residues is often the most time consuming step whose operations performed can directly affect the accuracy of the results.Solid phase extraction（SPE）is currently one of the most widely applied sample pretreatment technology of analysis of pesticide residues because of both the wide availability of selective sorbents and characteristics such as rapid,simple and lower consumption of organic solvents by comparison with liquid-liquid extraction（LLE）,and the adsorption materials are the key to high efficiency of solid phase extraction.Common adsorption materials such as silicon adsorption materials,carbon adsorption materials,molecularly imprinted adsorption materials and magnetic adsorption materials were introduced,and their recent development in the field of extracting organophosphorus pesticides utilizing solid phase extraction were summarized,and the research prospects were also proposed.