中国钢铁行业大气污染与温室气体协同控制路径研究

Roadmap of Co-control of Air Pollutants and GHGs in Iron and Steel Industry in China

随着我国温室气体减排形势的日益严峻,以及大气污染物减排工作的日益深化,寻求能够同时削减温室气体和局地空气污染物的减排措施成为重要的研究方向。过去的减排工作经验教训表明,单一的末端治理措施难以实现多污染物控制目标。文章以我国钢铁行业为例,在协同控制理念指导下,构造大气污染物协同减排当量指标APeq评价某项技术措施对SO2、NOX和CO2的综合减排效果,并针对APeq、SO2、NOX、CO2,基于单位(边际)污染物减排成本和减排潜力估算,讨论协同控制分析方法和技术措施减排路径。结果表明,相比末端控制技术,前端和过程控制技术可实现3种污染物协同减排,因而单位(边际)污染物减排成本较低,优先度排序靠前,而末端治理措施缺乏协同性,单位(边际)污染物减排成本较高,优先度排序靠后。仅靠前端和过程控制措施,NOX减排目标能够实现,而SO2、CO2和APeq减排目标则难以实现,尚须实施部分成本较高的末端控制措施,或借助结构调整和规模控制手段。

As the pollution control is becoming pressing in China,it is important to take measures for reducing GHGs and local air pollutants simultaneously.The past experience of pollution control shows that it is very difficult to reach multi pollutant control targets with only end-of-pipe measure.In accordance with the idea of co-control concept,air pollutants equivalents is proposed to evaluate integrated emission reduction effects of SO2,NOX and CO2 for certain technologies.Then based on marginal pollutants emission reduction cost and pollutants reduction potential estimation,co-control methodologies and emission reduction roadmap of APeq,SO2,NOX and CO2 were discussed.Results showed that front-end control measures and in-the-process control measures can not only reduce SO2,NOX and CO2 emission simultaneously,but also bear lower marginal emission reduction costs compared with end-of-pipe measures.In contrast,end-of-pipe technologies do not have co-control effect at all,and the marginal emission reduction cost is high compared with front-end and in-the-process control measures.With just front-end and in-the-process control measures,NOXemission reduction target set by the paper can be met easily,while the emission reduction targets of SO2,CO2 and APeq were difficult to meet,and then end-of-pipe technologies with high cost,or scale control and structure adjustment measures must be taken to enhance emission reduction for them.