邓恩对19世纪英国文学的影响

A Study of the Influence of John Donne on the 19th-Century English Literature

英国文艺复兴时期玄学派诗歌的主要代表诗人约翰.邓恩诗歌的主要特点是意象新颖、独特,语言极具口语化,韵律和节奏十分多变,运用富有哲学意味的思辨来表达深厚的思想感情。这种动态十足的诗歌特点与伊利莎白时代诗歌大相径庭,使玄学派诗歌独树一帜地凸显在英国诗坛中,不仅使17世纪的英国诗坛呈现出一种新的文风,更影响到后世的文学创作。然而,由于思想流派和文学思潮的差异,玄学派诗歌在18、19世纪里不被公众赏识,直到20世纪初,人们才开始重新审视和评价玄学诗歌,使玄学派诗歌重获新生。本文旨在通过分析邓恩诗歌的语言特征、哲学思辨、口语节奏和理性思维这四个方面,探讨邓恩诗歌对19世纪英国文学,尤其是对英国诗歌的影响,发现后世诗人对玄学派思想和艺术的继承、改进和发展,启发读者重新认识玄学派诗歌在英国文学史上的重要影响。

John Donne is the main representative poet of the metaphysical school in the period of English Renaissance. The characteristic of his poetry lies in his adoption of novel and unique images, colloquial language, varied rhythm and employment of philosophical speculation to express deep thought and feeling. This fully dynamic characteristic is quite different from that of the Elizabethan poetry and makes metaphysical poetry unique in the realm of English poetry. It not only brought a new style of literary creation in the 17th century, but also influenced the later literary creation. However, due to the differences between different schools of thought and literary trends, metaphysical poetry was not appreciated by the public in the 18th and 19th centuries. It was not until the beginning of the twentieth century that people started to re-examine metaphysical poetry and gave it a rebirth. This paper, through an analysis of language feature, philosophical speculation, colloquial rhythm and rational thinking, explores how Donne＇ s poetry influenced the 19th century＇ s English literature, especially English poetry. It also aims to find how later poets inherited, improved and developed metaphysical school＇ s thought and art and make a comparison between our findings and the traditional view that Donne was not valued in the 19th century, trying to inspire readers to recognize metaphysical poetry＇ s important influence on English history of literature.