气吸式棉花精量穴播器的设计与试验

Design and experiment on air-suction cotton precision dibbler

针对气吸式精量穴播器易漏气、能耗大、排种性能差等问题,设计了1种新型气吸式棉花精量穴播器,阐述了其结构特点和工作原理,对关键作业部件进行了设计,分析了其主要工作过程,确定了影响吸、排种性能的主要参数.田间试验结果表明:该穴播器能实现精量播种,排种性能稳定,真空度为4.5kPa时,作业速度可达1.0m/s,单粒率≥95.5%、重播率≤2.9%、漏播率≤1.6%,已在新疆大面积推广应用.

In order to solve the problem of leakage, high energy consumption and bad flow-performance of air-suction cotton precision dibbler,an new air-suction cotton precision dibbler was designed and tested, meanwhile, Its operating principle and structural feature were discussed and expounded. The key working parts were designed, the working process was analyzed, and the primary factors that influenced suction-per- formance and flow-performance were confirmed. The field tests indicated that this device could achieve the aim of precision metering and could be used for planting seeds of different size. Furthermore, the test re- sults showed that better seeding quality and higher working speed were obtained. When the vacuum was 4. 5 kPa, the working speed reached to 1.0 m/s,the rate of single seed was more than 95.5 % the multiples was less than 2. 9%, and the miss was less than 1.6%. The device was large acreage popularized in Xin- jiang.