宜昌市夷陵区农村居民慢性病患病及影响因素分析

Prevalence and risk factors of main chronic diseases in rural residents of Yiling district,Yichang city

目的了解宜昌市夷陵区农村居民主要慢性病的流行特征,探讨相关影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,对宜昌市夷陵区9 781名35～75岁移民和非移民进行问卷调查、体格测量和实验室检查。结果高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、肥胖的患病人数和年龄标准化患病率分别为3 677(37.6%)、340(3.4%)、2 801(28.3%)、629(6.3%);其中男性分别为1 617(39.3%)、139(3.3%)、1 127(27.9%)、224例(5.7%),女性分别为2 060(36.6%)、201(3.5%)、1 674(29.0%)、405例(7.0%);男性高血压患病率高于女性(P<0.05),女性肥胖率高于男性(P<0.05);移民血脂异常率低于非移民,肥胖率高于非移民(P<0.01);多因素logistic回归分析显示,高血压、糖尿病与其疾病家族史有统计学关联,OR(95%CI)分别为2.114(1.893～2.360)、4.229(2.705～6.611)。结论高血压、糖尿病是危害宜昌市夷陵区居民的重要健康问题,应依据当前慢性病患病率及相关危险因素现状,采取相应防治措施。

Objective To examine the prevalence of main chronic diseases and its risk factors among rural population in Yiling district,Yichang city.Methods Using stratified cluster sampling,9 781 migrants and non-migrants aged from 35 to 75 years in Yiling district,Yichang city were investigated with a questionnaire survey,physical examination,and laboratory test.Results The number and prevalence of hypertension,diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia,and obesity were 3 677（37.6%）,340（3.4%）,2 801（28.3%）,and 629（6.3%）,respectively.The number and the age-adjusted prevalences of the diseases were 1 617（39.3%）,139（3.3%）,1 127（27.9%）,and 224（5.7%）in men and 2 060（36.6%）,201（3.5%）,1 674（29.0%）,and 405（7.0%）in women,respectively.The rate of hypertension in men was higher than that in women（P0.05）,but the prevalence of obesity among women was higher than among men（P0.05）.Compared to non-migrants,the rate of dyslipidemia among migrants was lower,but the rate of obesity was higher（P0.05）.Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the related risk factors of hypertension and diabetes mellitus included family history,with the odds ratio（OR） and 95% confidence interval（CI）of 2.114（1.893-2.360） for hypertension and 4.229（2.705-6.611）for diabetes mellitus.Conclusion Hypertension and diabetes are main chronic diseases and intervention strategies should be taken among the residents of Yiling district of Yichang city.