高原低氧环境对大鼠肺组织影响

Lung tissue ultrastructure and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha expression of lung tissue in rats exposed to high altitude hypoxia

目的观察高原低氧对大鼠肺组织超微结构影响及其低氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)表达变化。方法将SD大鼠分别进行高原低氧干预1、2、3和30 d,并设置对照组;4个高原低氧组由海拔5 m的西安地区途中耗时1d带到海拔2 700 m青海格尔木地区、途中耗时2 d带到海拔5 000 m唐古拉地区,途中耗时3d带到海拔4 500 m的西藏那曲地区,并饲养30 d。结果光镜及电镜观察显示,急性高原低氧2 d组肺组织出现明显高原肺水肿,高原低氧30 d组HIF-1αmRNA条带积分吸光度值(0.874±0.075)明显高于对照组(0.225±0.026)(P<0.01),高原肺水肿现象则明显减轻。结论低氧习服后肺组织低氧诱导因子1αmRNA表达升高,有利于减轻高原肺水肿。

Objective To examine the effects of high altitude hypoxia on ultrastructure and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α（HIF-1α） expression of lung tissue in the rats with high altitude hypoxia exposure.Methods Forty SD rats were exposed to high altitude hypoxia for 1,2,3,and 30 days,respectively,and a control group（10 rats） was set.The 4 altitude hypoxia groups were transported from the place of 5 m above sea level to the place of 2 700 m above sea level within one hour,to the place of 5 000 m above sea level within 2 hours,and to the place of 4 500 within 3 hours and raised at the place for 30 days.Results Light microscopy and electron microscopy showed that in 2 days acute high altitude hypoxia group there was apparent high altitude pulmonary edema.For the rats with high altitude hypoxia of 30 days,HIF-1α mRNA band integral absorbance values（0.874±0.075） was significantly higher compared with the control group（0.225±0.026,P0.01） and high-altitude pulmonary edema was significantly reduced.Conclusion Hypoxic acclimatization could increase the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α mRNA and reduce the high altitude pulmonary edema of lung tissue in rats.