自然保护区旅游活动生态负效应研究——以吉林长白山自然保护区为例

On Ecologically Negative Impacts of Tourism Activities in Nature Reserve——A Case Study of Jilin Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve

旅游生态负效应是指人类旅游活动对旅游地生态因子及其系统结构和功能所造成的不利影响。旅游活动对生态环境存在复杂的影响关系,不合理的旅游开发、游客行为以及经营管理活动极易对自然保护区生态环境造成诸多直接和潜在的负面影响。研究表明,旅游活动对长白山自然保护区生态环境造成了一定的消极影响,应该实施环境保护规划,转变旅游发展模式,强化社区参与,建立生态认证制度和环境价值补偿机制以实现长白山旅游与生态环境可持续发展。

Ecologically negative impacts of tourism refer to the destruction of human tourism activities on the factors of an ecosystem and its structure and function. Tourism activities have a complicated relationship with the ecological environment, the unreasonable tourism development, tourist behavior and management activities can easi- ly cause direct and potential negative effects on the ecological environment. This paper indicates that tourism activities have negatively affected the ecological environment in Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve,and some measures such as implementing environmental protection plan, changing tourism development mode, strengthening community involvement,establishing ecological accreditation system and environment value compensation mechanism should be taken for the sustainable development of tourism and ecological environment in the reserve.