鱼池中不同生物体表面水生细菌区系分布的初步研究

Colonial distribution of aquatic bacteria on different biological carriers in a fish pond

对中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心渔场鱼池中的细菌数量、组成、种类进行定期采样测定 ,结果表明 :鱼池中水体好氧异养细菌波动区域为 (0 2 6～ 9 2 0 )× 10 5CFU/mL ,在各种鱼类体表上异养细菌的波动区域 ,鲢体表粘液上为 (0 0 2～ 1 70 )× 10 4CFU/cm2 ,鳙体表粘液上为 (0 15～ 9 40 )× 10 3CFU/cm2 ,鲤体表粘液上为 (0 45～ 6 70 )×10 3CFU/cm2 ,罗非鱼体表粘液上为 (0 0 2～ 1 0 0 )× 10 4 CFU/cm2 ,鲫体表粘液上为 (0 0 1～1 30 )× 10 4 CFU/cm2 ,大型浮游生物上异养细菌波动区域在 (0 53～ 9 90 )× 10 4 CFU/L ,小型浮游生物上异养细菌波动区域在 (0 13～ 6 10 )× 10 4 CFU/L。同时经统计分析表明鱼池中各生物体表面分布的细菌种类及数量之间存在一定的相关性。通过对优势菌分离纯化 ,共鉴定得到 7个属的优势菌属 ,其中葡萄球菌属。

Number and species composition of aquatic bacteria were determined in the fish ponds of the experimental farm of the Centre by multi-samplings. It was found that density of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria in the pond water varied between (0 26-9 20)×10\+5 \{cells/mL\}; the ranges of heterotrophic bacteria on different kinds of fish carriers were as follwos: (0 02-1 70)×10\+4 cells/cm\+2 on surface mucus of silver carp, (0 15-9 40)×10\+3 cells/cm\+2 on surface mucus of bighead, (0 45-6 70)×10\+3 cells/cm\+2 in surface mucus of common carp, (0 02-1 00)×10\+4 cells/cm\+2 in the surface mucus of tilapia and (0 01-1 30)×10\+4 cells/cm\+2 in the surface mucus of crucian carp; the density of heterotrophic bacteria on large plankton and small plankton ranged from (0 53-9 90)×10\+4 cells/L to (0 13-6 10)×10\+4 cells/L Statistic analysis showed that there was certain regressional relationship between density and species of bacteria on different kinds of bacteria carrier in fish pond Seven prominent bacteria genera were identified through isolation and purification, among which \%Staphylococcus, Bacillus\% and \%Micrococcus genera\% were of the dominant bacteria in the fish pond.