从痰论治咽喉疾病

Treatment on throat disease according to the analysis of sputum

痰浊为导致咽喉疾病的重要因素。其以无形之痰、皮里膜外的结节和败津腐液三种形式上扰咽喉为病。热盛痰壅、气郁痰凝、阴虚痰扰、气虚痰阻为痰浊的病机。痰浊作为病理产物,可附气血、循经脉上达咽喉,结为痰浊之患。局部症状表现为咽喉哽哽不利、异物感、痰黏着感、频频清嗓、咳痰、声嘶等。局部体征可见咽喉黏膜肿胀肥厚,咽后壁淋巴滤泡增生或融合,咽侧索肥厚,扁桃体及腺样体肥大,声带、室带肥厚,声带或长息肉小结,咽喉肿物(包括囊肿),咽后壁分泌物附着,扁桃体表面脓点、脓栓等。治疗总则为化痰利咽,同时审因论治。取药宜轻灵,忌过于辛香温燥,注意顾护津液。

A great many causes can be ascribed to throat diseases.The author concludes that the phlegm is the key factor.Phlegm is the main cause of triggering throat diseases and it can be divided into three different kinds of modality： invisible phlegm,nodule situated between the epidermises and fascia,and decayed body fluid.The common pathogenesis for phlegm is heat excessiveness and phlegm obstruction,Qi and phlegm stagnation,Yin deficiency and phlegm excessiveness,Qi deficiency and phlegm stagnation.As pathological product,phlegm can be affiliated to Qi and blood or go through with the meridians to throat,which makes the problem of phlegm.The main clinical manifestations of locality are spasmodic sobs,foreign body sensation,sticky feeling,clear throat frequently,expectoration,hoarseness etc.The main sign of locality are swelling and hypertrophy of throat mucosa,the hyperplasia or fusion on the back wall of the follicles,hypertrophy of lateral pharyngeal bands,hypertrophy of tonsil and adenoids,thickening of vocal cords and plica vestibularis,polyp on the vocal cords,swelling of throat（including cyst）,secretion attached to the back wall of the pharynx,pus beads and embolus on the surface of tonsil etc.The general principle of treatment is reducing phlegm and causing differentiation at the same time.Medicine chosing should be mild and deft and avoid of the taste of spicy,fragrant,warm and dryness.Taking great care of maintaining the body fluid is important.