族群视野下台湾地区语言使用及语言态度调查

Language Use and Language Attitude Survey in Taiwan from Perspective of Ethnic Groups

二十年前,国语和闽南话是台湾社会的强势语言,而闽南话较之国语又略占优势。当今台湾社会,国语和闽南话仍然是强势语言,但是国语的优势远远大于闽南语。闽南人只有在家庭内部,与祖父辈、父辈交谈时及在菜市场时使用闽南话的比例超过国语,其余在面对各类交际对象、交际话题和交际场合时,使用国语的比例均超过闽南话。外省人、客家人、少数民族的国语能力、使用、评价更是远远高于闽南话。客家人和少数民族的族群对应语言已经退到家庭内部使用,在家庭之外,闽南话在客家人中的优势比客家话明显,闽南话在少数民族中和少数民族语不相上下。客家话及少数民族语处于令人堪忧的弱势。

Twenty years ago,Mandarin and the Minnan dialect were both prestige norm in Taiwan and Minnan had a slight advantage compared to Mandarin.Our survey found that Mandarin and the Minnan dialect are still the dominant language,but the advantage of the former is far greater in today＇s Taiwan Residents society.Only within the family and vegetable market environment,Minnan people prefer to use the Minnan dialect,not Mandarin.The capacity in language use and evaluation of language about Mandarin is much higher than the Minnan dialect among Mainlanders,Hakkaand and ethnic minorities.The corresponding language of the Hakka people and minority ethnic groups is confined to the family.Hakka dialect and minority languages are both worrying and vulnerable.