分布式光纤振动传感信号数据采集系统设计

System Design for Data Acquisition for Distributed Optical Fiber Vibration Sensing Signal

针对大型周界安防预警系统,提出了一种分布式光纤振动传感信号采集系统设计,主要基于ARM+FPGA的嵌入式平台实现。根据分布式光纤振动传感信号的特点,数据采集系统以FPGA为主控制器,实现了脉冲波和连续波的双通道并行信号采集。FPGA接收ARM传送控制命令,采集硬件信号控制采样芯片AD9430和AD9203转换的数字信号,并将采集到的数据暂存于利用FPGA的IP核生成的FIFO缓存中,等待传送给ARM处理器。ARM处理器主要负责提供前端FPGA采集的各种参数并接收FPGA发送过来的数据。该数据采集系统中,ARM处理器和现场可编程门阵列FPGA的互联接口的设计是关键,主要是在内核层设计FPGA设备驱动,利用ARM的外部总线接口完成数据的传输。将数据采集系统应用于光纤监控预警安防系统,可以检测到脉冲波和连续波信号,提高系统实时性,为分布式光纤安防预警系统的研究提供了基础。

According to the application requirement of a perimeter security warning system, a signal acquisition system for distributed optical fiber vibration sensing signal is designed in this paper, based on the embedded platform of ARM and FPGA. The data acquisition system uses FPGA as the main controller to achieve the dual-channel acquisition of the pulse wave and the continuous wave. FPGA receives control commands from ARM, and samples the digital signal converted by the sampling chips AD9430 and AD9203. Then the collected data is temporarily stored in the FIFO buffer generated by IP cores in FPGA, which will be transmitted to ARM. ARM is responsible for providing kinds of parameters for the data acquisition of FPGA and receiving data from FPGA. In this paper, the intereonnection of the ARM processor and FPGA is presented, and the implementation of the FPGA driver in the embedded Linux is discussed. The data acquisition is implemented by FPGA,and the data transmission is realized with the ARM＇s external bus in this system. With the features of the low power consumption of ARM and the flexibility of FPGA, the signal acquisition system for distributed optical fiber vibration sensing signal is successfully applied in the monitoring system based on distributed optical fiber sensor.