基于支持向量机的综合地质环境评价研究

The Research of Integrated Geological Environment Eevaluation Based on Support Vector Machine

榆神府矿区位于毛乌素沙地与陕北黄土高原丘陵沟壑区的过渡地带,该矿区煤层埋藏浅、开采厚度大、上覆基岩厚度较薄且有松散潜水含水层分布。区内常年干旱少雨、植被稀疏,是典型的生态脆弱区,大规模煤层开采容易导致较严重的地质环境问题。分析了影响研究区生态环境的地质采矿因素,研究煤层开采对各地质环境因素的影响;采用支持向量机(SVM)理论和方法,建立了综合地质环境质量评价及预测非线性模型,对研究区煤炭资源开采地质环境多因素非线性相互作用演变结果进行了评价和预测,得到了5个等级综合地质环境现状分区、开采变化的预测结果。该方法在评价复杂地质环境多因素非线性相互作用及预测综合地质环境演变方面具有更科学、精细、接近现实的效果。

The Yushenfu mining district, located in transition region between the hill ravine area of Loess Plateau in the north of Shaanxi province and Maowusu sand land, has many characteristics： the embedding depth of coal seam is shallow, the mining seam is thick and the thickness of overlying base rock is rather thin, in addition, the surface in this zone was covered by rather unconsolidated formation. Because of the drought and lack of rain all of the year and the sparse vegetation, it is a typically eco- logical vulnerability. Consequently, the large-scale coal mining easily result in some more serious prob- lems of the geological environment. The research analyzes the geological mining factors and study the influence on geological environment exerted by coal mining. Adopting the theory and methods of the support vector machine （SVM）, we built an assessment of integrated geological environmental quality and a nonlinear prediction model. By evaluating and forecasting the evolution result of nonlinear inter- action of geological environment factors on coal mining, we got predicting results from five different comprehensive geological environment divisions and the mining change divisions. The method has a more scientific and more accurate effect, closer to the reality in evaluating the nonlinear interaction that comes from the factors of complex geological environment and predicting the evolution of comprehen- sive geological environment.