精神发育迟滞患儿母亲焦虑、抑郁状况与社会支持的相关性

Correlation of anxiety and depression with social support among mothers of children with mental retardation

目的探讨精神发育迟滞患儿母亲焦虑、抑郁状况及其与社会支持的关系及影响因素。方法采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）和社会支持评定量表（SSRS），对64例精神发育迟滞患儿母亲的焦虑、抑郁及社会支持水平进行调查，并对结果进行分析。结果精神发育迟滞患儿母亲焦虑发生率为23．4％，抑郁发生率为40．7％，焦虑、抑郁得分均显著高于国内常模水平。本组患儿母亲社会支持总分为（32．19±5．02）分，显著低于国内常模水平；本组患儿母亲的焦虑、抑郁状况与社会支持呈负相关；影响患儿母亲焦虑、抑郁的因素为家庭经济收入。结论精神发育迟滞患儿母亲的焦虑、抑郁状况较突出，社会支持缺乏，有效的社会支持可以减轻其焦虑、抑郁状况，提高患儿及其母亲的生活质量。

Objective To explore the correlation of anxiety and depression with social support among caregivers of children with mental retardation and major related influencing factors. Methods 54 mothers of children with mental retardation were investigated by using the questionnaires of SAS, SDS and SSRS. The results underwent analysis. Results The incidence of anxiety among mothers of children with mental retardation was 23.4%, the incidence of depression was 40.7%. Mothers had higher scores of SAS and SDS than the national norm. The total score of social support was（32.19-5.02）, which was lower than the national norm. The anxiety and depression was negatively correlated with social support. The influencing factors of anxiety and depression of mothers were family income. Conclusions The anxiety and depression among mothers of children with mental retardation was evident, the social supports for those mothers were insufficient. Effective social support was propitious to abate the anxiety and depression and promote quality of life of those children with mental retardation and their mothers.