马克思市民社会理论的历史起点——读《1844年经济学—哲学手稿》

Historical Beginning of the Marxist Civil Society:Reading《The Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 》

霍布斯与洛克以抽象的人性为出发点,在自然状态中人们的"契约"的基础上建立市民社会理论;黑格尔虽然认识到"特殊的人",但其市民社会始终被吞噬在绝对精神的自我进展中。马克思从分析资本主义社会的异化、劳动与资本的关系入手,揭示出市民社会中私有财产所代表的生产关系的分裂与矛盾,从而使市民社会获得了人的"感性的活动"之历史起点。

Hobbes and Locke took the Abstract human nature as the starting point,they constructed civil society theory from the base of ＂contract＂ in natural state;Although Hegel recognized the＂specific person＂,but his civil society has always obscured in the process of the absolute spirit interpretation.Marx’s analysis the alienation,labor and capital in capitalist society,revealed the production relations divisions and conflicts of private property in the civil society,so that civil society access to the people’s ＂perceptual activity＂ on the historical beginning.