哈尼族民间生态智慧与生态环境治理:以大鱼塘村为例

Hani People's Traditional Ecological Wisdom and Ecological Environmental Governance:Dayutang Village as an Example

哈尼族民间生态智慧是指哈尼族民间大众在认知和理解复杂多变的生态环境关系并在其中健康生存和发展的认识智慧和非凡能力。在当代,无论是东方还是西方,生态环境的日愈恶化已给人类带来了严重的灾难。但我们仍然看到偏远的哈尼族村寨生态环境还比较优越,它们的乡村经济与传统文化仍然焕发出勃发生机。这其中的主要因素就是哈尼族的生态智慧发挥了重要的作用。大鱼塘村正是这样的一个哈尼族村,村民们与自然和谐共荣的生存方式及其所包含的智慧,是他们得以持续、健康、和谐发展不可缺少的永恒元素。他们的生产生活、宗教、耕作、风俗习惯等中间无不体现出了诸多生态理念的智慧光芒,并在乡村生态治理方面发挥了重要的作用。在当代,这些民间的智慧光芒,对于人类生存以及延续,对于生态平衡与发展,对于社会的和谐可持续发展无不具有重要的意义。

Hani people＇s traditional ecological wisdom refers to the Hani people＇s capacity of understanding of the complex and ever-changing relationship between eco-environment as well as surviving and developing in such surroundings. In contemporary, whether Eastern or Western, increasingly worsening of the ecological environment has brought serious disaster to mankind. In contrast, in certain remote Hani people＇s habitats in Yunnan province, the regions still remain some ecological advantages which can be ascertained by highly developed rural economy and traditional culture. One of the root causes for the prosperity is Hani people＇s traditional ecological wisdom. Particularly, villages like Pond village, living in harmony with nature, Hani people obtained sustainable development which contributed by their traditional ecological wisdom. Further, this wisdom has been utilized in many fields, including religion, farming, costumes and rural regulations. It plays a pivital role in all aspects of life. By analyzing the Hani prople＇s history, we can safely draw a conclusion that in terms of human survival, ecological balance and sustainable development as well as building of harmonious society, it is high time for us to uphold the traditional ecological wisdom as a whole.