水稻雄性不育系扦插繁殖与种子繁殖主要性状比较

Comparison on major traits of cutting propagation and seed propagation in male sterile lines of rice

【目的】探索水稻不同繁殖方式在农艺性状、经济性状、育性等方面的表现及存在的差异,为水稻不育系扦插繁殖在生产上的利用提供理论依据。【方法】以两个水稻细胞质雄性不育系和两个光温敏感核不育系为材料,采用茎节扦插繁殖和种子繁殖方法,调查两种繁殖方式的扦插(播种)期、始穗期、齐穗期、株高、每穗总粒数、有效穗数、穗长、株叶型及套袋自交结实率等。【结果】茎节扦插繁殖与种子繁殖相比,生育期大幅提前,株高降低,有效穗显著增多,穗长略短,穗粒数减少,植株形态表现紧束,长势旺,叶色浓,但群体整齐度较差;花粉育性及套袋自交结实率方面二者无差异。与细胞质雄性不育系相比,光温敏感核不育系扦插繁殖植株的上述性状表现相对较优。【结论】两种繁殖方式植株的农艺性状及经济性状存在一定差异,但不影响育性;光温敏感雄性不育系更适于扦插繁殖,可用于杂交种子生产。

[Objective]Agronomic, economic and fertile traits based on different rice propagation methods were explored. [Method ]Using two cytoplasmic male sterile lines and two photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines as test materials, some rice parameters including plant height, total grain number per spike, effective panicles, panicle length, plant and leaf type, bagged seed setting rate, etc. on cutting propagation and seed propagation were surveyed at cutting （planting） period, initial heading stage and heading period, respectively. [ Result ] Compared to seed propagation, shorter growth period, lower plant height, more effective panicles, shorter panicle length, less grain number per spike, greater growth vigor, thicker leaf color and poorer group uniformity of the test lines were found in rice cutting propagation, and no differences were found in pollen fertility and bagged seed setting rate in the two different rice propagation methods. Compared with the cytoplasmic male sterile lines,the above mentioned parameters of photo-thermo-sensitive male sterile lines performed much better in rice cutting propagation. [Conclusion]Despite certain differences in rice agronomic and economic traits, the two kinds of propagation methods did not affect the fertility of test lines. Photo-thermo-sensitive male sterile line is more suitable for cutting propagation, which could be applied in hybrid seed production.