采用废弃油脂生产生物柴油的SRCA技术工业应用及其生命周期分析

Industrial Application and Life Cycle Analysis for Biodiesel Produced by SRCA Process From Waste Oils and Fats

废弃油脂是食用油生产和使用过程中产生的非食用性油脂,全世界要产生30Mt/a以上,对其处置不当将危害环境。废弃油脂品质差、酸值高,难于采用传统的碱催化酯交换技术加工生产生物柴油。中国石化石油化工科学研究院针对废弃油脂的质量特性,开发了近临界甲醇醇解(SRCA)生物柴油技术。2009年首次建成了60kt/a工业化示范装置,以酸化油为原料,打通了全流程,实现了连续运行生产,产品质量满足国家标准(GB/T 20828)要求。在实验室和工业运行数据的基础上,对选择废弃油脂生产生物柴油的SRCA工艺进行了生命周期分析。与传统工艺相比,SRCA工艺没有增加环境负担。

Waste oils and fats （WOFs） are kinds of non-edible oils, which are generated more than 30 Mt/a form the production and consumption of cooking oil all over the world, and will pollute the environment if they are disposed improperly. It is very difficult that WOFs are transformed to biodiesel by using base catalytic transesterification process because of their poor quality, especially much more content of free fatty acids. Therefore, a new technology, sub-critical alcoholysis process （SRCA process） was developed successfully by SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing for producing biodiesel from WOFs. The first industrial SRCA process equipment with the scale of 60 kt/a for biodiesel was set up in 2009 and operated continuously to produce biodiesel from WOFs, whose quality met the requirements of Chinese national standard （GB/T 20828）. On the basis of the data from laboratory and industrial operation, life cycle analysis （LCA） of biodiesel from WOFs by SRCA process was assessed, and the results indicated that SRCA process had a good environmental impact.