勐海晒青茶品质化学研究

Studying on the Quality of Menghai’s Sunny Dried Tea

为深入了解云南勐海县晒青茶品质及内在的优异化学成分,以县内10个乡镇晒青茶(古茶园和生态茶园)为试验材料,采用感官审评与品质成分检测分析结合研究。结果表明,勐海晒青茶条索紧结、显毫色润,滋味较浓,醇厚回甘;古树茶在滋味协调性、浓醇回甘上优于生态茶。总体上化学成分比较丰富,均值含量分别为水浸出物52.34%,氨基酸2.62%,咖啡碱3.94%,茶多酚40%,儿茶素总量18.28%,多酚类单体含量多少依次为:表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG)>表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)>儿茶素(C)>表儿茶素(EC)>没食子酸(GA)>表没食子儿茶素(EGC),较一般普洱生茶含量高,尤其是茶多酚、儿茶素总量、GA较为明显;含量变异系数在15%以上的成分为EGC、C、EC、氨基酸。古树茶中EC、氨基酸含量略低于生态茶,氨基酸、EGC、ECG含量变异系数高于生态茶,说明古树茶中的大部分化学成分含量不仅丰富,而且含量变异小。

To look into the quality of sunny dried tea and it’s inner excellent chemical composition of Menghai, by the method of combining with the sensory evaluation and quality components testing analysis, taking sunny dried tea （old tea tree, ecological tea） in 10 villages and towns of Menghai as experimental material, this study revealed that the Menghai sunny dried tea was tight knot cord, showed hair color embellish, thick taste and unforgettable after taste. Taste coordination and strong alcohol after taste of old tea trees were superior to ecological teas. The chemical composition was very abundant in general, the mean value content was water invasion things out 52.34%, amino acids 2.62%, caffeine 3.94%, tea polyhenols 40%, catechines contents 18.28% . Polyphenols monnmer content was Epicatechin gallate （ECG） Epigallocatechin gallate （EGCG） Catechin （C） Epicatechin （EC） Gallic acid （GA） Epigallocatechin （EGC）, which was superior to general Pu’er raw tea, especially tea polvhenols, catechines content, GA. The elements of content variation coefficient more than 15% were EGC, C, EC, amino acids. In old tee trees, the content of amino acids was inferior to ecological tea, the content variation of amino acids, EGC, ECG was superior to ecological, which showed that the content of most chemical composition in old tea trees was not only abundant, but also the change of content variation was small.