不同基质对小白菜出苗及幼苗生长的影响

Effect of Different Substrates on Seedling Growth of Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis

为了降低单独使用泥炭育苗的成本,选用丹麦进口泥炭、珍珠岩、蛭石为原料,按照3种原料的不同配比配制出6种穴盘育苗基质,调查不同基质对小白菜出苗率、叶长、叶宽、叶面积、叶柄长、株高的影响,筛选出适合小白菜育苗且成本相对比较低的基质。通过对小白菜生长发育的调查得出,出苗率的快慢顺序是3>4>1>5>6>2,子叶展平快慢顺序是1>3>4>5>2>6,2叶1心快慢顺序是3>1>5>4>6>2,3叶1心快慢顺序是1>3>5>6>2>4;通过对幼苗生长情况的调查可以看出,3号处理的叶数比CK降低了0.9%、叶长降低了1.6%、叶面积降低了1.7%、柄长升高了4.4%、株高升高了0.3%;通过对6项测定指标的相关性分析得出,叶长、叶宽、叶面积与株高呈显著正相关。综上,泥炭∶珍珠岩∶蛭石的比例为7∶2∶1时,栽培效果较为理想,接近丹麦进口泥炭。

To investigate the effects of the mixture of peat, perlite, vermiculite on the Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis seedling emergence, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, petiole long and plant height, to find the best substrate formula. The results showed that the sequence of germination rate was follows： 341562; the sequence of cotyledon spreading was： 134526; the emergence of 3 leaves with 1 core was： 13562 4; the number of leaf, leaf length and leaf area were decreased by 0.9%,1.6% and 1.7% as compared to CK, while petiole long and plant height were increased by 4.4% and 0.3%. The analysis of correlation showed that plant height had positive correlation with leaf length, leaf width and leaf area. In conclusion when the ration of peat, perlite, vermiculite was 7：2：1, the mixing substrate had the most ideal cultivation effect which was closed to the Danish import peat.