喷施不同形态硅对温室番茄生长发育及品质的影响

Influences of Spraying Two Different Forms of Silicon on Plant Growth and Quality of Tomato in Solar Greenhouse

为了解决日光温室番茄生产中作物生长受阻、品质不高的问题,应用田间小区试验,研究叶面喷施不同形态硅(无机硅和有机硅)对日光温室番茄生长发育和品质的影响。结果表明:叶面喷施2种形态硅均能显著促进番茄生长发育,但无机硅(ISi)处理优于有机硅(OSi)处理。与对照相比,ISi处理植株叶绿素含量、茎粗和单果重分别增加6.03%～9.53%、8.74%～12.97%和35.06%,OSi处理分别增加5.60%～6.17%、5.35%～8.81%和26.37%;叶面喷施2种形态硅均能显著改善番茄品质,但OSi处理效果更优。与对照相比,ISi处理Vc和可溶性糖含量分别增加21.03%和15.82%,可滴定酸和硝酸盐含量分别降低11.40%和11.05%;OSi处理Vc和可溶性糖含量分别增加44.29%和23.91%,可滴定酸和硝酸盐含量分别降低13.66%和25.80%。

In order to solve the problems of restrained plant growth and low fruit quality for tomato production in solar greenhouse, plot experiments were performed to study the effects of spraying two different forms of silicon on plant growth and quality of tomato in solar green house. The results showed that both inorganic silicon （ISi） and organic silicon （OSi） applied by spraying on leaves could promote tomato growth, ISi treatment was better than OSi treatment. Compared to control treatment （CK）, the chlorophyl content, stem diameter and single fruit weight of ISi-supplied plants were increased by 6.03%-9.53% , 8.74%-12.97% and 35.06% respectively, OSi-supplied plants were increased by 5.60%-6.17%, 5.35%-8.81% and 26.37% respectively. The quality of tomato was significantly improved after using two different forms of silicon fertilizer, but OSi treatment was better. Compared to CK, the Vc and soluble sugar content in tomato fruit of ISi-supplied plants were increased by 21.03% and 15.82% respectively. At the same time, the titratable acidity and nitrate content were decreased by 11.40% and 11.05% respectively. However, the Vc and soluble sugar content in tomato fruit of OSi-supplied plants were increased by 44.29% and 23.91% respectively. At the same time, the titratable acidity and nitrate content were decreased by 13.66% and 25.80% respectively.