某重型商用车的车架结构优化设计

Optimization for Frame Structure of a Heavy-duty Commercial Vehicle

以某重型牵引车车架为研究对象,建立了该型车架的有限元模型,进行了车架模态的仿真与试验,并将结果进行了对比分析,验证了有限元模型的准确性;根据重型牵引车的承载特点和行驶工况,对该车架在满载弯曲工况和满载扭转工况进行静态应力分析,考察车架在典型工况下的应力分布,以此评价车架设计的合理性。在此基础上,对车架的连接横梁进行了结构优化,对改进方案进行了有限元分析,并通过DOE分析确定了最优方案。通过车架结构优化设计及工程实践,反映了利用有限元法进行车架的设计和分析,具有精确可靠、周期短、费用低的优势,显示出了广泛的应用前景。

The flame of a heavy-duty tractor was chosen for the study, and the finite element model of the flame was constructed, the modal data of the flame was acquired by both simulation and experiment, comparing the results, the accuracy of the FE model of the flame was verified; According to the loading and running condition of heavy-duty tractors, static stress analysis of the flame was done under fully loaded bending and torsion conditions, reviewing the stress distribution under typical conditions, the rationality of the flame designing was estimated. On the basis, the structure of a connecting cross member was optimized, and the improved precepts were analyzed by FE Method, finally the best precept was confirmed according to DOE analysis. Via flame structure optimization and engineering practice, it＇s proved that flame design and analysis using FE method has advantage in accuracy, period and cost, and a broad foreground of the application of FEM was shown