摘要
统计分析了山西省大中型石油化工企业数量以及2007-2011年全省油类火灾发生的时间、地点,由此估算出泡沫灭火剂储备量及含氟碳表面活性剂(主要是C8类氟碳表面活性剂)的用量。从中分析氟碳表面活性剂排入大气中、直接进入土壤、直接流入河流和通过下水道进入污水处理厂对环境造成的污染风险。介绍国际发达国家相关处理措施,提出我国消防领域解决控制氟碳表面活性剂的建议:一是大力开发和选用环境友好型泡沫灭火剂,把对环境的影响降至最低;二是积极应对,加强管理,妥善回收处理消防灭火剂使用后的残液;三是鼓励污水处理厂开发能降解氟碳表面活性剂的处理工艺,最终达到降低此类风险对人类的危害;四是提出研制新型泡沫灭火剂的思路。
In order to investigate the reserves of foam extinguis- hing agents and usage of fluorocarbon surfactants in fire fighting field of Shanxi Province, we made a statistics of the number of large and medium petroehemistry industries and the occurring time and sites of oil fire during 2007--2011. And there existed environment risks for the fluorocarbon surfactants （especially C8）. The control measures of fluorocarbon surfactants＇ pollu- tion include utilize the green foam extinguishing agents without or with as few as C8 fluorocarbon surfactants such as perfluo rooctane sulfonate （PFOS）and perfluorooctanoic acid （PFOA）, collection of the used foam extinguishing agents, and develop- ment of the degradation techniques for them and new foam ex- tinguishing agent.
出处
《消防科学与技术》
CAS
北大核心
2012年第7期736-738,共3页
Fire Science and Technology
关键词
泡沫灭火剂
氟碳表面活性剂
PFOS
PFOA
风险控制
foam extinguishing agent
fluorocarbon surfactants
perfluorooctane sulfonate （ PFOS ）
perfluorooctanoic acid （PFOA）
risk control
