另一种文化大散文——以熊育群的作品为例,兼谈文化大散文的写作伦理

Another Cultural Prose On the Ethics of Cultural Prose Writing through an Analysis of Xiong Yuqun's Works

20世纪中国文学有两个基本的写作路向:知识论的和生存论的。知识论的写作路向意味着写作是概念化的、公式化的、先验的,多以现成的知识观念(认识)作为演绎对象,与生活世界、心灵世界相隔绝。生存论的写作路向则意味着这种写作试图抵达知识得以形成的更具本源性的生存领域,和具体的生活世界、心灵世界是互通的,因此其性质是非概念化的、非公式化的、经验的。1990年代以来兴起的文化大散文,大多是走知识论的写作路向,熊育群的散文集《奢华的乡土》、《路上的祖先》却处在从知识论到生存论的转变旅程中。它们立足于鲜活的文化现场,敢于远离现成的文化结论;它们坚持回到生活世界本身,让文化如其所是地显现;它们坚守的是生存论的写作伦理,是一种值得期待的文化大散文。

There are two basic writing directions in the 20th-century Chinese literature--knowledge-centered and survival-centered. The knowledge-centered writing direction means that it is conceptualized, formulated and transcendental, with reday-made concepts of knowledge （awareness） as the object of interpretation and isolated from the living world and the spiritual world; whereas the survival-centered writing direction indicates that it is non- conceptualized, non-formulated and intranscendental because it attempts to get to the more original domain of exist- ence composed of knowledge and linked with the specific living world and the spiritual world. The cultural prose, having emerged since the 1990s, is mostly written in line with the knowledge-centered writing direction; while Xiong Yuqun＇ s prose works--The Luxurious Native Soil and Ancestors on the Road--have undergone the transition from knowledge - centered proses to the survival-centered ones. For one thing, these proses, based on vigorous cul- tural scences, dare to abstain from the ready-made cultural conclusions; and for another, they adhere to returning to the living world life itself so as to let culture demonstrate itself as it is made. With their adherence to the ethics of the survival-centered prose writing, proses of such a type are cultural ones worthy of much anticipation.