青花菜单倍体育种研究进展

Advances in Haploid Breeding of Broccoli(Brassica oleracea var.italica)

通过小孢子培养或花药培养获得双单倍体(DH系)是青花菜育种的一个重要辅助手段。回顾了青花菜单倍体育种的发展历史及现状,阐述了青花菜花药培养技术、游离小孢子培养技术及影响植株再生的主要因素,比较了不同培养途径再生植株倍性表现差异和几种主要的倍性鉴定方法,探讨了单倍体和DH系在基础研究和育种实践中的应用现状和应用价值,提出了这一领域存在的问题,并展望了单倍体育种在研究和生产实践中的应用前景。

The use of microspore or anther culture to generate doubled-haploids （DH） is an important adjunct to broccoli breeding. In this paper, the history and the recent progress on anther culture and i- solated microspore culture of broccoli was reviewed. Anther culture technique, isolated microspore culture technique and the major factors affecting the formation of plant regeneration were expounded. Ploidy compositions of populations derived from microspore culture and from anther culture were com- pared. The main determination methods of ploidy were introduced in detail. The application status and the theory value of haploidy and DH lines were summarized as well. The problems of haploidy breeding of broccoli were discussed, and the application of the techniques in study and practice was forecasted.