施钙对花生衰老特性和产量的影响

Effects of Calcium Application Rate on Senescence Characteristics and Yield of Peanut

在大田高产条件下,以小花生品种"青花6号"和大花生品种"青花7号"为材料,研究了施钙量对花生衰老特性和产量的影响。结果表明,两花生品种叶片叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、光合速率和SOD、CAT活性均随着施钙量的增加而增加,MDA含量随施钙量的增加而降低。但青花6号品种在施钙超过150kg/hm2后上述指标增加或降低不显著,说明增施钙肥可以延缓花生叶片衰老。在一定施钙量范围内(青花6号施钙在0～150kg/hm2、青花7号在0～225kg/hm2范围内),两花生品种有效荚果数和饱果率均随着施钙量的增加而增加,千克果数随着施钙量的增加而降低,导致荚果产量随着施钙量的增加而增加,但是超过此范围后再增加施钙量反而导致有效荚果数下降、千克果数增多、荚果产量下降。青花6号和青花7号获得最高荚果产量所需的施钙量不同,青花6号所需适宜施钙量较青花7号少。

The hypogaea L. ） 6＇ （small pod effects of calcium application rates on senescence characteristics and yield of peanut （ were studied under high -yielding field condition. The varieties used for the study were ＇ Arachis Qinghua peanut） and ＇ Qinghua 7＇ （big pod peanut）. The results showed that chlorophyll content, photo- synthetic rate, soluble protein content, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and catalase （CAT） activities in the leaves of two varieties increased with the increase of calcium application, while malondiadehyde （MDA） content decreased, which indicated that increasing application of calcium fertilizer can postpone the senescence of peanut leaves. How- ever, the above indexes of Qinghua 6 did not increase or decrease significantly as calcium application rates were more than 150 kg/hm2. With the increase of calcium - 150 kg/hm2 of calcium application rate, and pods and the percent of full pods of two varieties Qingh application in the certain extent （ Qinghua 6 in the range of 0 ua 7in the range of 70 - 225 kg/hm2 ） , the number of valid increased, but pods per kilogram reduced, which led to pod yield increasing with the increase of calcium application, but more than these ranges, further increasing calcium applica- tion rate led to the number of valid pods reduce, pods per kilogram increase, and pod yield decrease. The highest pod yield that Qinghua 6 and Qinghua 7 obtained need different calcium application rates, and the suitable calcium fertilizer rate which Qinghua 6 required for was less than that of Qinghua 7.