紫茎泽兰不同组织水提液对牧草种子萌发的影响

Effects of Aqueous Extracts from Different Tissues of Eupatorium adenophorum on the Seed Germination of Several Kinds of Forages

[目的]为牧草替代种植提供参考依据。[方法]选择凉山地区6种具有替代种植潜力的优良牧草,探讨紫茎泽兰不同组织水提液对牧草种子发芽率、胚根和胚芽伸长的影响。[结果]紫茎泽兰不同组织水提液对6种牧草种子发芽和幼苗生长均有化感作用。其中,叶部水提液的抑制作用最强,其次是根和茎。低浓度的根、茎的水提液对牧草种子的发芽率、胚根伸长、胚芽伸长没有明显的抑制作用,甚至有促进作用。高浓度根、茎水提液具有明显的抑制作用。白三叶对紫茎泽兰化感物质最为敏感,当叶部水提液浓度为1.75%时其种子不能萌发。光叶紫花苕对紫茎泽兰化感物质最不敏感,当叶部水提液浓度为2.5%时其种子的发芽率也达65%(R=-0.359)。[结论]光叶紫花苕是紫茎泽兰危害严重地区牧草替代种植的理想牧草,而白三叶不适合作为紫茎泽兰替代控制的牧草。

[Objective] The research aimed to provide reference basis for substitute planting of forages.[Method] Six kinds of excellent forages with the substitute planting potential in Liangshan Region were selected to discuss the effects of aqueous extract from different tissues of Eupatorium adenophorum on the seed germination rate,radicel and embryo elongation of forages.[Result] Aqueous extracts from different tissues of E.adenophorum all had the allelopathy on the seed germination and the seedling growth of 6 kinds of forages.The inhibition of aqueous extract from the leaves was the strongest,followed by roots and stems.Aqueous extracts from the roots and stems at low concentrations had no obvious inhibition on the seed germination rate,radicel elongation and embryo elongation of forages,and even had promotion effects.While aqueous extracts from the roots and stems at high concentrations had obvious inhibitory effects.Trifolium repens Linn.was the most sensitive to the allelochemicals of E.adenophorum and the seed could not germinate at the concentration of aqueous extracts from the leaves of 1.75%.Vicia villosa Roth was the most insensitive to the allelochemicals of E.adenophorum.And its seed germination rate reached 65%（R=-0.359）when the concentration of aqueous extracts from the leaves was 2.5%.[Conclusion] V.villosa was the ideal forage that could replace forages and be planted in serious disaster area of E.adenophorum,but T.repens was not suitable for be planted to control E.adenophorum.