四川玉米浅丘组合与山区组合产量结构差异比较分析

Comparative Analysis of the Differences about Yield Components of Maize(Zea mays L.) between Shallow Hill Group and Mountainous Area Group in Sichuan Province

[目的]研究玉米(Zea mays L.)各种产量构成性状分别对四川省浅丘和山区玉米产量的贡献程度。[方法]以四川省区试浅丘B组和山区I组为材料,对它们的产量结构进行了相关分析和通径分析。[结果]浅丘组合产量构成与产量间的相关系数除秃尖长和出籽率外,均为正值;只有株高和出籽率对产量的直接通径系数为负数,穗位高和行粒数对产量的直接通径系数为正值且较大,分别达1.899 93、0.531 11。山区组合产量构成与产量间的相关系数除秃尖长外,均为正值;只有株高和秃尖长对产量的直接通径系数为负数,穗行数和行粒数对产量的直接通径系数为正值且较大,分别达0.610 61和0.555 60。[结论]在玉米育种时,浅丘组合应着重注意穗位较高和行粒数较多的基因型,山区组合则应着重注意穗行数与行粒数较多的基因型,同时都必须协调好各个性状之间的关系。

[Objective] The purpose was to study the contribution degree of all kinds of maize yield component traits on its yield in the shallow hill and mountainous areas of Sichuan Province.[Method] The correlation analysis and path analysis of maize yield components of shallow hill B group and mountainous area I group in Sichuan Province were carried out.[Result] Except length of bare ear and seed ratio,the correlation coefficient between the other yield components of shallow hill group and their yield were all positive;except plant height and seed ratio,the direct path coefficient of the other yield components of shallow hill group to yield were all positive,thereinto,those of ear height and kernels per row to yield were both big,and reached 1.899 93 and 0.531 11 respectively.Except the length of bare ear,the correlation coefficient between the other yield components of mountainous area group and their yield were all positive;except plant height and the length of bare ear,the direct path coefficient of the other yield components of mountainous area group to yield were all positive,thereinto,those of kernel rows per ear and kernels per row were both big,and reached 0.610 61 and 0.555 60 respectively.[Conclusion] During maize breeding,genotype with higher ear height and more kernels per row should be paid more attention to select in shallow hill group,and genotype with more kernel rows per ear and kernels per row to select in mountainous area group,and at the same time relationships among all traits in each group should be coordinated.