7个新选糯玉米自交系主要性状的配合力研究

Analysis of combining ability of major characters in 7 new waxy-corn inbred lines

用Griffing完全双列杂交方法Ⅳ对不同来源的7个糯玉米自交系的茎粗、株高、穗位高、穗长、秃尖度、穗粒重、穗行数等10个农艺性状的一般配合力(GCA)、特殊配合力(SCA)和遗传参数进行研究。结果表明,所有性状的GCA和SCA均达显著或极显著水平;所研究的10个性状同时存在加性基因效应和非加性基因效应,且以加性基因效应为主;在糯玉米的育种中,GCA高的自交系不一定能组配出SCA高的杂交组合,但高SCA的杂交组合中一定有GCA高的亲本。供试材料中,GCA高的自交系为WX5、N8、WX1,SCA高的杂交组合为WX5×N8、WX3×N26、WX2×WX1、WX1×N26和WX4×N8。

With seven waxy-maize self-lines from different sources, according to the Griffing method IV （complete diallel crossing）, GCA, SCA were studied. The results showed that the GCA and SCA of all characters were marked or very marked. All characters expressed both additive geneaction and non-additive gene action except the ear length and kernel rowswhich were mainly controlled by additive gene. In the waxy-maize breeding, the high GCA self-lines must not be hybridized the high SCA hybridized combinations, but the high SCA hybridized combinations must have the high GCA seed par-ent. Among the experiment materials, WX5, N8 and WX1 were high GCA self-lines, WX5xN8, WX3xN26, WX2xWX1, WXlxN26 and WX4xN8 were high SCA hybridized combinations.