稀土元素对无铅钎料组织和性能的影响

Effect of rare earth on microstructures and properties of lead-free solders

稀土元素以其独特的优势被称为金属材料的维他命,稀土元素的添加可以在不同程度上提高无铅钎料的性能。结合国内外在含稀土元素无铅钎料研究领域的最新研究成果,综合评论稀土元素对无铅钎料组织和性能的影响,阐述含稀土元素的无铅焊点可靠性研究现状,为该钎料的实际应用提供数据支撑,分析过量稀土元素对无铅钎料表面锡须的影响,探讨锡须的生长机制及潜在的问题,最后综合评述含稀土无铅钎料在研究过程中存在的问题以及相应的解决措施,为含稀土元素无铅钎料的研究和应用提供理论依据。

The rare earth （RE） elements due to its particular function were called the vitamin of metals, RE can greatly enhance the properties of lead-free solders in different degrees. Based on the development of lead-free solders beating RE at home and abroad, the effect of RE on the properties and microstructures of lead-free solders was reviewed systematically. The recent progress of soldered joints reliability was expatiated, which can provide data support for the application of these lead-free solders bearing RE. Through analyzing the tin whiskers of lead-free solders bearing excessive RE, the growth mechanism and possible issues were discussed. The problems and difficulty in the process of the applications of lead-free solders bearing RE were analyzed synchronously, some suggestions were put forward which maybe solve the issues mentioned above, which may provide theory guide for the investigation of lead-free solders bearing RE.