上海某社区老年人健康质量评价及相关政策研究

Health Quality Evaluation of Elderly Population in a Community in Shanghai and the Research of Related Strategies

目的了解上海社区老年人健康情况并分析其影响因素,提出健康老龄化的积极应对措施。方法对上海市某社区60岁以上老年人的健康状况进行抽样调查,并进行统计学分析。结果该社区老年人慢性病患病率较高,慢性病患病率排名依次为:高血压、心脏病、糖尿病、慢性支气管炎、高胆固醇等,日常生活活动能力较好,对健康的自我评价普遍较高,情绪乐观。结论年龄越大,慢性病患病率越高,日常生活活动能力越差;BMI与高血压、高胆固醇相关;长期吸烟可能引起糖尿病、心脏病、高胆固醇;婚姻状况和居住方式与老年人慢性病有一定的相关性;年龄和听力问题对老年人日常生活活动能力有影响。建议从"社会关爱、政府保障、社区配套、家庭护理、个人保健"等角度全方位地建立保障措施。

Objective To evaluate the health quality and analyze the influencing factors of elderly people in the community of Shanghai.Methods A sample survey of elderly persons above 60 years old in a community of Shanghai was made and some statistically analysis was conducted.Results This survey showed high prevalence of chronic diseases in this community,the ranking of diseases were： hypertension,heart disease,diabetes,chronic bronchitis,high cholesterol and so on.The ability of daily living and the self-evaluation was good,most of them were optimistic.Conclusion The older,the higher prevalence occurred of chronic diseases,the worse of the ability of daily living.BMI was related to hypertension and high cholesterol.Long-term smoking may cause diabetes,heart disease,and high cholesterol;marital status and living mode were concerned with elderly chronic diseases.Age and hearing problems affected the activities of daily living.To enhance the social security and improve the health level of elderly persons from ＂social care,government safeguard,community facilities,home nursing,personal protection＂ was proposed.