马铃薯干腐病菌硫色镰孢的生物学特性

Biological characteristics of Fusarium sulphureum,the pathogen of potato dry rot

从碳源、氮源、酸碱度及生长温度等方面对引起马铃薯干腐病的硫色镰孢Fusarium sulphureum的生物学特性进行了研究。结果表明,该病原菌在不同发育阶段对营养和环境条件的要求存在差异。在固体培养基上,菌落生长最佳碳源为葡萄糖、麦芽糖,最佳氮源为蛋白胨,pH8为最佳;在液体培养基中,菌丝体生长以麦芽糖为最佳碳源,以硝酸钠为最佳氮源,pH6为最佳;在分生孢子萌发阶段,在以羧甲基纤维素钠、蛋白胨和谷氨酸为碳、氮源的营养液中,分生孢子萌发率最高,最适pH6-8。该病菌最适生长温度为25℃,分生孢子致死温度为50℃10min。

The paper deals with the effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources, pH and temperature on mycelium growth, mycelium dry weight and spore germination rate of Fusariurn sulphureum, the causal agent of potato dry rot. The results showed that the optimum carbon and nitrogen sources for the pathogen mycelium growth on solid media were glucose and maltose, and peptone respectively with the most suitable pH 8.0. Maltose and NaNO3 were the optimum carbon and nitrogen resources for its mycelium growth in liquid media with the most suitable pH 6.0. The optimum carbon and nitrogen resources for spore germination were sodium carboxymethyl cellulose （CMC）, peptone and glutamic acid （Glu） with the optimum pH 6.0-8.0. The optimum temperature was 25℃ for the pathogen growth on solid media or in liquid media. The lethal temperature for the conidia was 50℃ for 10 minutes .