223例急性前葡萄膜炎的临床特征及治疗分析

Clinical characteristics and treatment of 223 patients with acute anterior uveitis

目的探讨急性前葡萄膜炎的临床特征、治疗和预后。方法回顾分析2001年7月至2010年12月在济南市第四人民医院眼科门诊诊断为急性前葡萄膜炎患者的临床资料。结果急性前葡萄膜炎223例,男138例,女85例,男女比例为1.62∶1,发病年龄7～78岁。128例(57.40%)找不到病因,诊断为特发性急性前葡萄膜炎。另外有强直性脊柱炎57例(25.56%),风湿性关节炎13例(5.83%),青光眼睫状体炎综合征10例(4.48%),病毒感染8例(3.59%),角膜外伤2例(0.90%),糖尿病3例(1.35%),还有2例(0.90%)为妊娠4个月和6个月的患者。经糖皮质激素和睫状肌麻痹剂滴眼液治疗后,多数患者视力预后较好。结论急性前葡萄膜炎多发生于男性,病因和种类繁多,易复发,主要治疗方法为滴用睫状肌麻痹剂和糖皮质激素眼液,绝大多数患者预后良好。

Objective To investigate the clinical features, treatment and prognosis of acute anterior uveitis （AAU）. Methods A retrospective study of patients with AAU from July 2001 to December 2010 in Jinan 4th People＇s Hospital was performed. Results Of the 223 patients, the ratio of males to females was 1.62 （ 138/85 ）. The age of the patients at onset of AAU ranged from 7 to 78 years old. Etiological study was performed in all of the patients. No apparent cause was found in 128 （57.40%）patients and they were diagnosed as having idiopathic AAU. 57 （25.56%） were diagnosed as having ankylosing spondylitis. 13 （5.83 % ） had rheumatoid arthritis, 10 （4.48 % ） had glaucomatocyclytic syndrome, 8（3.59% ） had viral infection, 2（0.90% ） had corneal trauma, 3（ 1.35% ） had diabetes mellitus and 2 （0.90%） were pregnant. After treatment by corticosteroids and cycloplegic eye drops, the visual acuity of most of the patients was equal to or better than 1.0. Conclusion AAU is characterized by acute nongranulamatous anterior uveitis with recurrent episodes and most of the patients are male. Corticosteroids and cycloplegic eye drops can rapidly treat inflammation with ideal prognosis.