城市建筑物震害三维模拟在GIS中的应用

Three Dimensional Building Damage Simulation Based on GIS

将地理信息系统(GIS)技术用于震害预测在国内外都有较为广泛和成熟的研究。大多数的研究都是基于二维GIS技术的应用,以图表的形式显示震害预测结果,不能够直观地显示建筑物空间特征。本文以砖混结构建筑为例,总结了不同震害等级的震害特征,将提取的震害特征和建筑物纹理合成,利用Google SketchUp三维建模和ArcGIS Engine开发实现震害三维显示。本文给出了利用三维模拟技术在震害预测研究中的一种方法和思路,旨在为震后应急救援、虚拟救援训练和地震科普教学等方面提供帮助。

The GIS technology has been applied in building damage analysis around the world. However, most previous studies focused on application of 2-D GIS technology, and the results from traditional earthquake damage prediction are displayed in 2-D figures and charts, which is incapable of demonstrating 3-D spatial character of buildings. Taking brick-concrete building as an example, we study the characters of building damage, and combine the information of building textures and earthquake damage effectively. Then, we apply Google SketchUp technique to create the models of buildings and display the model with seismic damage texture in software development environment of ArcGIS Engine. In this paper we propose a solid idea for 3-D simulation of earthquake damage, which is helpful in earthquake damage prediction, virtual emergency rescue practice and earthquake knowledge education.