高稳定性反型聚合物/富勒烯有机太阳能电池光伏器件

Recent Development of High-stability Inverted Polymer/fullerene Solar Cells

与传统的有机异质结太阳能电池相比,反型有机太阳能电池最大的优势在于其具有较高的稳定性,在空气中的储存寿命一般比传统电池提高5-10倍.反型电池采用高功函数的金属作为阳极,使用低功函数的半透明金属氧化物作为阴极,避免了传统电池使用低功函数金属作为电极和采用PEDOT:PSSA作为电极修饰层所带来的不稳定性的缺点.论文重点在于讨论反型器件的结构设计和优化.将窄能隙给体聚合物材料与高LUMO能级的富勒烯受体进行匹配,引入低功函数的金属、金属氧化物的纳米棒或纳米晶体或者两者的复合膜和亲水性的共轭聚合物修饰阴极;采用金属氧化物V2O5和MoOx作为阳极修饰层并进行反型光伏器件制作,辅以退火工艺来优化器件,对于各种修饰层对于电极的影响将进行较深入的研究,重点在于揭示其有机半导体物理的内部规律和本质,讨论其对于器件的效率和稳定性的影响机制,期望得到一个比较合理而又令人信服的解释,有望获得高稳定性和高效率的光伏器件.这对于有机光伏电池接近商业化的门槛具有重大的现实意义,同时对于进一步丰富有机半导体理论具有一定的指导意义.

Compared with conventional organic heterojunction solar cells, the biggest advantage of the inverted configuration solar cells is a high stability of its storage life in air which generally is increased by 5-10 times. Inverted eonfiguration cells take with a high work function metal as the anode, transparent low work function metal oxide as the cathode, which can avoid the instability of the traditional cells due to low work function metal as the elec- trode and PEDOT： PSSA as a modified electrode layer. This paper focuses on the structural optimization of the inverted solar ceils, the modified interlayer and electrode are discussed in detail. The narrow gap polymer and fullerene acceptor with high LUMO energy are matched. Moreover, the introduction of low work function metal, metal oxide nanorods and nanocrystals, or the hydrophilic co-conjugated polymer are used to modify cathode; metal oxide V2O3 and MoOx as an anode modification layer are developed. The annealing process to optimize the device and a variety of modified layer for the electrode will be demonstrated in order to reveal the internal rules of the or- ganic semiconductor physics and the mechanism for the device efficiency and stability, expecting a more reasonable and convincing explanation, As a result, high stability and high efficiency photovoltaic devices are acquired, which has great practical significance for organic photovoltaic cells close to the threshold of commercialization. At the same time, it has some guiding significance to further enrich the theory of organic semiconductor.