锗在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵-KI-水体系中的浮选分离和富集

Floatation separation and enrichment of germanium in cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide-KI-H_2O system

研究了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)-KI-水体系浮选分离锗的行为及锗与一些金属离子分离的条件。结果表明:在水溶液中,Ge(Ⅳ)与CTMAB和KI形成不溶于水的三元缔合物[GeI62-][CTMAB+]2,此三元缔合物沉淀浮于水相上层形成界面清晰的液-固两相;当溶液中CTMAB和KI的浓度分别为6.0×10-4 mol/L和8.0×10-3 mol/L时,Ge(Ⅳ)可与Co2+、Ni 2+、Mn2+、Mg2+、Zn2+、Al 3+、Fe2+、Cr3+、V(Ⅴ)和W(Ⅳ)离子定量分离,Ge(Ⅳ)的浮选率在97.4%以上。该方法简便、迅速,不污染环境,在微量锗的分离和富集分析中有很好的实用价值。

The floatation separation behaviors of germanium in cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide （CTMAB）-KI-water system and the separation conditions with some metal ions were studied. The resuits showed that Ge（Ⅳ） could form a water-insoluble ternary complex （[GeI62-][CTMAB＋ ]2） with CTMAB and KI in water solution. This ternary complex precipitation could float on water phase, generating a clear liquid-solid interface. When the concentration of CTMAB and KI was 6.0×10^-4 mol/L and 8.0×10^-3 mol/L, respectively, Ge（Ⅳ） could be quantitatively separated from Co2＋ , Ni2＋ , Mn2＋ , Mg2＋ , Zn2＋ ,Al3＋ ,Fe^2＋ ,Cr^3＋ ,V（Ⅴ） and W（Ⅵ）. The floatation rate of Ge（Ⅵ） was above 97.4 %. The proposed method was simple and rapid without environmental pollution, and had good practical value in separation and enrichment of micro-germanium.