计算机网络级联失效建模与分析

Modeling and Analysis of Computer Network Cascading Failure

针对以往级联失效模型负载局部重分配规则与现实计算机网络全局路由特点不吻合的缺陷，模拟网络中信息流传输过程。定义路由器的失效条件，建立基于负载全局重分配的级联失效模型，并在此基础上提出基于连通和性能两方面的级联失效影响评价参数，进而分析用户流量和攻击方式对计算机网络级联失效的影响。结果表明，随着流量的增大，级联失效存在相变行为，相变点刻画了网络在不会发生级联失效前提下的最大传输能力。此外，针对网络中高度节点的攻击，更为容易引发大规模的级联失效，应予以重点保护。

The load local re-distribution in past cascading failure model is not consistent with the really global routing in com- puter network. Taking into account such defeet~ the process of information flow transmission is simulated, the conditions of router failure are defined, and according to the characteristics of computer network routing, cascading failure modes based on load global re-distribution are established. Later, two cascading failure evaluation parameters based on network connectivity and network per- formance separately are proposed, and the influence of users＇ traffic and attack modes to the cascading failure on computer network is analyzed. The results show that： as the traffic increases, the cascading failure of network contains the phase transition behavior, the phase transition point describes the maximum transmission capacity of network when the cascading failure will not occur; and high-degree-node attack is easier to cause cascading failures, so high-degree-nodes should be protected specially.