内燃平衡重式叉车起重工作装置的动力学虚拟仿真优化研究

Research on Virtual Simulation and Optimization for Dynamics of Lifting Equipments in Internal Combustion Counterbalance Forklift Truck

对内燃平衡重式叉车起重工作装置进行动力学分析对于叉车工作的安全性和效率研究具有重要的意义。采用Pro/E构建叉车起重工作装置的三维实体模型;通过对不同工作状态下的驱动油缸受力状况进行仿真,得出液压缸以匀加速→匀速→匀减速的速度驱动时,受力曲线最平滑,并将仿真结果同理论计算进行了比较,验证了数值仿真的合理性。以叉车门架倾斜液压缸受力最小化为优化目标,倾斜液压缸行程为约束条件,通过设置不同的起升液压缸驱动速度,确定了倾斜液压缸受力有效减小时与门架铰接的位置。优化后倾斜液压缸受力最大值减小了8.82%,卸货瞬间的最大受力由13 210.8 N减小为11 663.2 N,减幅为11.7%。

The research on simulation and optimization for dynamics of lifting equipments in internal combustion counterbalance forklift truck has a great effect on the security and efficiency research of the truck. Pro/E was used to establish 3D model of the internal combustion counterbalanced forklift lifting equipments. The force states of the lifting hydraulic cylinder at different actuating speed and actuating type were analyzed. Comparing with theoretical calculation, the numerical simulation rationality was verified. Then using tilt hydraulic cylinder stroke as the constraints, the position where the tilt cylinder hinged jointly with the door frame when the maximum force of the tilt cylinder was effectively reduce was determined. After optimization, the maximum force of the tilt hydraulic cylinder re- duces 8.82% , and the maximum force at unloading moment reduces 11.7% accordingly.