从社会诊断迈向社会干预：社会工作理论发展的反思

From Social Diagnosis to Social Intervention:Reflections on Theoretical Development of Social Work

自社会工作诞生一个多世纪以来,其一直受到西方社会的人文主义价值观与实证主义方法的影响,致力于回应社会需要和解决个人/家庭或社会问题。然而,伴随着社会与文化变迁以及社会福利制度的改革,社会工作早期发展起来的价值判断、技巧与实践模式,已难以适应变迁的文化与政策环境。因此,在21世纪,社会工作需要进入新的启蒙状态,对过去的理论基础和实践方法做全面的反思。而对于中国而言,由于制度、文化、专业学科体系和社会结构等的差异,社会工作理论在中国的发展将经历不同的发展道路。

Since the birth of social work over a century,it has been influenced by the value viewpoints of the western social humanism and positivist methodology,dedicated to the response to social needs and the solution to individual or family or social problems.However,accompanied by social and cultural changes and the reform of social welfare system,the value judgment,skill and practice mode formed at the early stage of social work are hard to adapt to the changed culture and policy environment.Thus,in the 21st century,the social work needs to step into a new enlightenment state,and make overall reflection on the past theoretical basis and practice method.As far as China concerned,the social work theory will experience different development path,because of the difference in system,culture,professional course system and social structure.