不同人格类型对情绪信息注意偏向的影响

The Impact of Personality on Emotional Information Attentional Bias

目的:探析不同人格类型群体在情绪信息加工过程中的特点。方法:采用线索-靶子范式,分析注意偏向机制中的干扰抑制、返回抑制两个方面;采用艾森克人格量表(EPQ-A),从某全日制大学本科二年级学生758人中,按EPQ中神经质和内外向两个维度的标准分高、低各12.5%选出四种典型人格类型各15名为研究对象,探析四组被试的注意偏向特征。结果:当靶子和线索出现的时间差为1000ms时,四组被试对三类情绪图片均存在返回抑制效应;图片性质主效应显著(F=1.30,P<0.05)、四组人格类型之间差异不显著(F=0.65,P>0.05)。负性图片与正性图片的返回抑制效应差异显著(F=1.71,P<0.05),反应时方差分析结果显示组别与图片性质交互作用显著(F=1.62,P<0.05)。外倾人格特质组对正性图片产生了注意警觉,四组被试对正性、负性刺激都存在注意解除困难。结论:正常人群对情绪性刺激具有选择性加工趋势,外倾个体更偏好加工正性刺激,内向不稳定组对负性刺激更为敏感。

Objective： To study the features of typical personality traits in cognitive processing.Methods： According to the interference surpression,inhibition of return and the consciousness from the mechanism of attentional bias,using Clues-Target Model to expore the characteristics of attention bias about typical personality traits in normal population.758 undergrateduate sophomores were estimated by Eysenck Personality Questionaire of Adults（EPQ-A）.Depending on neuroticism and extra-introversion of EPQ,divided the subjects into four groups,incluing outward stability（n=15）,outward instability（n=15）,inward stablility（n=15） and inward instablility（n=15）.Results： In the Clues-Target Task,when time difference is 1000ms,for three types of emotional pictures,all subjects have the effects of inhibition of return;there were significant difference in the main effects of image properties（F=1.30,P〈0.05）;no significant difference in different personality traits（F=0.65,P〉0.05）.Statistically remarkable was found between negative pictures and positive pictures of inhibition effects（F=1.71,P〈0.05）.The group which have extraversion personality trait produced attention alert on positive pictures.For positive and negative stimulus,all subjects were present the difficulty about the relieve of attention.