结构、技术、管理与能源利用效率——基于2000—2010年中国省际面板数据的分析

Structure,Technology,Management and Energy Efficiency——Stochastic Frontier Approach Based on Provincial Panel Data During 2000—2010

本文依据生产理论,提出短期能源利用效率和长期能源利用效率的概念,并应用随机前沿分析方法对中国2000—2010年29个省、区、市的面板数据进行分析,估算中国的长、短期能源利用效率,实证分析了结构调整、技术进步、加强管理对长短期能源利用效率的不同影响。研究发现:①我国"十五"与"十一五"期间的短期能源利用效率大致相同,但在长期能源利用效率上,前者明显高于后者;②除东北外,国内各区域短期能源利用效率的差异较小,长期能源利用效率的差异较大;③结构调整对短期能源利用效率的影响显著,但对长期能源利用效率的影响不显著;④技术进步通过改变前沿面,可以实现能源利用效率的提升。⑤短期内,加强管理能够实现能源利用效率的提升,但强化管理对提升能源利用效率的长期效应并不显著。

According to production theory, the paper first proposes two concepts：short-term energy efficiency and long-term energy efficiency, and calculates them with the panel data of 29 provinces from 2000--2010 based on the stochastic frontier approach. Then the paper discusses the impact of structure adjustment, technology advance, strengthening management on both of the energy efficiency. The major findings include： （1）The long-term energy efficiency in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period is significantly lower than in the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, but the short-term energy efficiency is flat. （2）There is little difference in the short-term energy efficiency of regions, except Northeastern, oppositely in the long-term energy efficiency. （3） The influence of structure adjustment in the energy efficiency mainly embodied in the short-term, not in the long-term. （4）Technical progress can improve the energy efficiency by changing the estimates of frontier function parameters. （5） Strengthening management is helpful for the energy efficiency in the short term, but not the long term.